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HASIL TANGKAP SAMPINGAN (HTS) PADA PERIKANAN RAWAI TUNA DI SAMUDERA PASIFIK
Author(s) -
Agustinus Anung Widodo,
Budi Iskandar Prisantoso,
Ralph Thomas Mahulette
Publication year - 2017
Publication title -
jurnal penelitian perikanan indonesia/jurnal penelitian perikanan indonesia
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
eISSN - 2502-6542
pISSN - 0853-5884
DOI - 10.15578/jppi.17.4.2011.265-276
Subject(s) - physics , tuna , fishery , biology , fish <actinopterygii>
Masalah umum yang dihadapi dalam operasi penangkapan ikan terhadap sumberdaya yang sifatnya multi spesies dan multi-cohort di daerah tropis adalah diperolehnya hasil tangkapan bukan spesies target yang biasa disebut hasil tangkap samping (HTS) atau by-catch. Saat ini informasi mengenai HTS pada perikanan rawai tuna di Indonesia yang beroperasi di Samudera Pasifik masih terbatas. Disisi lain informasi tersebut sangat dibutuhkan dalam rangka pelaksanaan pengelelolaan sumberdaya tuna yang memadai. Penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan infomasi tentang HTS pada perikanan rawai tuna di Samudera Pasifik dilakukan di Bitung bulan Mei sampai Juli 2010. Penelitian dilakukan dengan dua cara yaitu melalui pengambilan contoh di pusat pendaratan armada rawai tuna (port sampling) dan observer di kapal rawai tuna (onboard observer). Port sampling dilakukan setiap hari pada minngu keempat selama bulan Mei sampai Oktober 2010. Onboard observer dilakukan sebanyak dua trip operasi penangkapan rawai tuna. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi aspek operasional rawai tuna, jeni ikan HTS dan ukuran panjang cagak ikan HTS. Hasil riset menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata laju pancing HTS selama Mei sampai Oktober 2010 adalah 19,6 kg/100 mata pancing per tawur. Sebanyak 16 spesies HTS rawai tuna dapat diidentifikasi yang didominasi oleh ikan setuhuk hitam atau black marlin (Makaira indica). Ukuran low jaw fork length (LJFL) ikan ikan setuhuk hitam dan ikan meka secara berturut-turut adalah 97-198 cm (modus 141-160 cm), 94-241 cm (modus 161-180 cm) dan ukuran fork length ikan tikusan adalah 96-190 cm (modus 121-140 cm). The common fishing operation problematic in tropical waters which characterized by multispecies and multi-cohort resource is the numbers of bycatch exploited. Currently, the information of bycatch in the longline fishery especially operated in the Pacific Ocean is limited. On the other hand, this information is necessary for the implementation tuna fisheries management framework. The objective of this research is to collate the information of Pacific tuna longline bycatch landed in Bitung during the period of May until July 2010. Research conducted in two ways i.e. through port sampling at the central landing of tuna longline and observer onboard. Port sampling was conducted in the forth week during May until October 2010, whilst observer onboard was conducted in two trips within that period. Data collected consists of operational aspects of tuna longliners, species composition of bycatch and its fork length. Results of this research showed that the average of hook rate during the period of May October 2010 was 19.10 kg/100 hooks per set. Sixteen species of tuna longline bycatch have been identified and showed that black marlin (Makaira indica) was predominant. Size of Low Jaw Fork Length (LJFL) of blackmarlin, swordfish and thresher shark were 97-198 cm (mode 141-160 cm), 94-241 cm (mode 161-180 cm) and 96- 190 cm (121-140 cm) respectively.

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