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DNA  double‐strand breaks ( DSB s) activate a signaling pathway known as the  DNA  damage response ( DDR ) which via protein–protein interactions and post‐translational modifications recruit signaling proteins, such as 53 BP 1, to chromatin flanking the lesion. Depletion of the  SET 8 methyltransferase prevents accumulation of 53 BP 1 at  DSB s; however, this phenotype has been attributed to the role of  SET 8 in generating H4K20 methylation across the genome, which is required for 53 BP 1 binding to chromatin, prior to  DNA  damage. Here, we report that  SET 8 acts directly at  DSB s during the  DNA  damage response ( DDR ).  SET 8 accumulates at  DSB s and is enzymatically active at  DSB s. Depletion of  SET 8 just prior to the induction of  DNA  damage abrogates 53 BP 1's accumulation at  DSB s, suggesting that  SET 8 acts during  DDR .  SET 8's occupancy at  DSB s is regulated by histone deacetylases ( HDAC s). Finally,  SET 8 is functionally required for efficient repair of  DSB s specifically via the non‐homologous end‐joining pathway ( NHEJ ). Our findings reveal that  SET 8's active role during  DDR  at  DSB s is required for 53 BP 1's accumulation.

SET 8 methyltransferase activity during the DNA double‐strand break response is required for recruitment of 53 BP 1