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Background  Prostate cancer (PC) incidence has risen globally. As there are no current independent biomarkers with high diagnostic efficiency to detect PC, this study was performed to investigate the relative gene expression levels of  E2F3  and  survivin  in the whole blood of PC, benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH), and normal control individuals and to explore their diagnostic value.    Material and methods  Participants of the study were divided into three groups; normal control group (n=25), BPH patients (n=25), and PC patients (n=75). The  E2F3  and  survivin  gene expression levels were assessed using real-time qPCR in addition to the measurement of free and total levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) using electrochemiluminescence assays.    Results   Survivin  relative gene expression was over-expressed in PC and BPH patients compared to the normal control group, whereas,  E2F3  did not differ significantly among the studied groups. Compared to PSA,  E2F3  and  survivin  mRNA expression levels had lower diagnostic efficacy to differentiate PC from normal and BPH individuals with an area under curve (AUC) of 0.471 and 0.727, respectively. Further,  survivin  expression level was associated with increased the risk of PC.    Conclusion   Survivin  and  E2F3  relative expression levels in peripheral blood had low diagnostic performance to detect PC and individuals with high  survivin  expression levels may have higher risk to develop PC.

Evaluation of E2F3 and survivin expression in peripheral blood as potential diagnostic markers of prostate cancer