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A retrospective cohort study on nosocomial infections (NI) in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) was performed in the Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou district, China. The most common infection site was pneumonia and bloodstream infection. Low admission age, long NICU stay, and mechanical ventilation were significant risk factors for NI.  Klebsiella pneumoniae  was the most common pathogen, followed by  Acinetobacter baumannii ,  Staphylococcus epidermidi ,  Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,  Enterobacter cloacae , and  Stenotrophomonas maltophilia . Antibiotic resistance of the isolated bacterium was high. In conclusion, this study described the clinical characteristics of NI in a Chinese NICU, which might contribute to implementation of more effective therapeutic and preventive strategies.

Clinical characteristics of nosocomial infections in neonatal intensive care unit in eastern China