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This article investigates how the reframing of a client’s identity emerges in talk therapy known as Motivational Interviewing (MI), and discusses the ethical dimensions of the therapist’s role. As a method developed for conversations about behavior change, MI combines a client-centered and a directive approach that emphasizes, and ideally also strengthens, a client’s autonomy and resources for change. One characteristic of MI is the extended use of a therapist’s reflections on a client’s change talk in ways which create a new narrative version that highlights the client’s resources and commitment to change. Using a dataset of three first meetings of clients and therapists, we trace this narrative reframing by employing Bamberg’s three-level method for the analysis of small stories through the story told, the here-and-now interaction, and references to broader cultural master narratives. We show how on all three levels, alternative identities emerge through narratives co-constructed between the client and the therapist, and we discuss the ambiguities of narrative ownership in the delicate balance between client-centeredness and direction in MI.

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Motivational interviewing and the reframing of identity: small stories in first encounters between clients with alcohol use disorders and their therapists