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Recent advances in cultural analytics and large-scale computational studiesof art, literature and film often show that long-term change in the features ofartistic works happens gradually. These findings suggest that conservativeforces that shape creative domains might be underestimated. To this end, weprovide the first large-scale formal evidence of the persistent associationbetween poetic meter and semantics in 18-19th European literatures, usingCzech, German and Russian collections with additional data from English poetryand early modern Dutch songs. Our study traces this association through aseries of clustering experiments using the abstracted semantic features of150,000 poems. With the aid of topic modeling we infer semantic features forindividual poems. Texts were also lexically simplified across collections toincrease generalizability and decrease the sparseness of word frequencydistributions. Topics alone enable recognition of the meters in each observedlanguage, as may be seen from highly robust clustering of same-meter samples(median Adjusted Rand Index between 0.48 and 1). In addition, this study showsthat the strength of the association between form and meaning tends to decreaseover time. This may reflect a shift in aesthetic conventions between the 18thand 19th centuries as individual innovation was increasingly favored inliterature. Despite this decline, it remains possible to recognize semantics ofthe meters from past or future, which suggests the continuity of semantictraditions while also revealing the historical variability of conditions acrosslanguages. This paper argues that distinct metrical forms, which are oftencopied in a language over centuries, also maintain long-term semantic inertiain poetry. Our findings, thus, highlight the role of the formal features ofcultural items in influencing the pace and shape of cultural evolution.

Semantics of European poetry is shaped by conservative forces: The relationship between poetic meter and meaning in accentual-syllabic verse