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Knowledge of the impact of pesticides on predators is crucial for developing integrated pest management (IPM) programs.  Amblyseius swirskii  (Acari: Phytoseiidae) is a predatory mite used to control several species of pest including  Tetranychus urticae  (Acari: Tetranychidae) and arthropods.  T .  urticae  is a major pest of multiple greenhouse-grown and field crops including apples in Iran. Lethal and sublethal effects of fenpyroximate and thiacloprid were investigated on  A .  swirskii , using these chemicals separately at recommended rates or in combination at reduced rates. Recommended tested rates of both pesticides negatively influenced the biological parameters of  A .  swirskii  such as the net reproductive rate ( R   0  ) and the intrinsic rate of increase ( r ). However, the combined treatment of the two pesticides at their reduced rates was less hazardous to  A .  swirskii . Our findings indicate that the combined use of these chemicals may be compatible with IPM programs utilizing  A .  swirskii  as biological control tool against phytophagous mites and other pests. However, semifield and field studies to investigate the effects of reduced rate treatments of fenpyroximate and thiacloprid alone and in combination on  T .  urticae  and  A .  swirskii  are required for developing IPM programs.

Demographic analysis of fenpyroximate and thiacloprid exposed predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii (Acari: Phytoseiidae)