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An optical gateway to convert four-level pulse amplitude modulation toquadrature phase shift keying modulation format having shaping gain wasproposed for flexible intensity to phase mapping which exploits non-uniformphase noise. The power consumption of the optical modulation format conversioncan save by making a DNN-based decision on the receiver side for the generatedQPSK signal with non-uniform phase noise. A proof-of-principle experiment hasshown that an optically geometric constellation shaped QPSK modulated signalsgenerated from regular PAM4 signals with Gaussian-distributed noise. The shapedQPSK signal shows BER and generalized mutual information improvement by 1dBgain through the use of digital neural network signal recovery.

DNN-assisted optical geometric constellation shaped PSK modulation for PAM4-to-QPSK format conversion gateway node