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We present an approach to increase the effective light-receiving area ofsuperconducting nanowire single-photon detectors (SNSPD) by means of free-formmicrolenses that are printed in situ on top of the sensitive detector areausing high-resolution multi-photon lithography. We demonstrate a detector basedon a niobium-nitride (NbN) nanowire with a 4.5 $\mathrm \mu$m $\times$ 4.5$\mathrm \mu$m sensitive area, supplemented with a lens of 60 $\mathrm \mu$mdiameter. For free-space illumination at a wavelength of 1550 nm, the lensedsensor has a 100-fold-increased effective collection area, which leads tostrongly enhanced system detection efficiency without the need for longnanowires. Our approach can be readily applied to a wide range of sensor typesand effectively overcomes the inherent design conflict between high countingspeed due to short sensor reset time, high timing accuracy, and highfabrication yield on the one hand and high collection efficiency through largeeffective detection areas on the other hand.

Superconducting Nanowire Single-Photon Detector (SNSPD) with 3D-Printed Free-Form Microlenses