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Purpose   The purpose of this study was to investigate pulmonary function and health-related quality of life after traditional growing rod (TGR) procedures.Methods   Between January 2006 and December 2017, a retrospective observational study of 17 early onset scoliosis (EOS) patients with a mean follow-up of 6.2 years (2.3 to 10.4) was conducted. The forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV 1 ), expiratory forced vital capacity (FVC) and 24-Item Early Onset Scoliosis Questionnaire (EOSQ-24) score before the index surgery and at last follow-up were investigated.Results   The mean percentage of predicted FEV 1  improved from 50% (20% to 86%) to 53% (15% to 80%; p = 0.08); and the mean percentage of predicted FVC improved from 51% (24% to 81%) to 55% (25% to 89%; p = 0.06). The mean EOSQ-24 score was 78.2 (58 to 90) preoperatively and 77.2 (55 to 88) at last follow-up, there was no statistical difference (p = 0.70). The subdomain scores of pulmonary function (p &lt; 0.01) and daily living (p &lt; 0.01) significantly improved, whereas the subdomain scores of pain (p &lt; 0.01), emotion (p &lt; 0.01) and satisfaction (p = 0.02) significantly declined at last follow-up.Conclusion   The TGR procedure was associated with stable pulmonary function and decline in EOSQ-24 pain, emotion and satisfaction scores.Level of Evidence   Level III, retrospective cohort study.

Pulmonary function and health-related quality of life in patients with early onset scoliosis after repeated traditional growing rod procedures