Open AccessCombined immune checkpoint inhibitors of CTLA4 and PD-1 for hepatic melanoma of unknown primary origin: A case report
Author(s) -
An-Che Cheng,
Yun-Lian Lin,
Sung-Hua Chiu,
YuLueng Shih
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
world journal of clinical cases
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.368
H-Index - 10
ISSN - 2307-8960
DOI - 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i11.2641
Subject(s) - medicine , melanoma , primary (astronomy) , immune checkpoint , programmed cell death 1 , pd l1 , immune system , metastatic melanoma , cancer research , ipilimumab , nivolumab , oncology , immunology , immunotherapy , physics , astronomy
Melanoma is uncommonly found in lymph nodes, subcutaneous tissue, or visceral organs without a primary lesion, where it is identified as metastatic melanoma with unknown primary (MUP). Hepatic MUP is extremely rare and has a poor prognosis. There is limited information on its pathogenesis, clinical and imaging features, and pathological findings. There are no guidelines for the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in hepatic MUP, and the treatment outcome has rarely been reported.