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Background Diabetes mellitus is a type of metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood sugar. The main strategy for its treatment is to inhibit carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, including α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of  Salvia  extracts in inhibiting diabetes marker enzymes. Materials and methods This experimental study was performed in vitro. The studied plants included  Salvia mirzayanii ,  Salvia macilenta ,  Salvia officinalis  and  Salvia santolinifola  and inhibitory effects of their methanolic and dichloromethane extracts were investigated. After calculating the percentage of α-amylase inhibition and IC 50  of the extracts, Km and Vmax were also determined using prism7.Statistical analysis was performed employing with Graph Pad instat3 software. Results The results here in revealed that methanol extracts of  Salvia santolinifola  (with IC 50  = 54.72 ± 9.6 μg / ml) and  Salvia officinalis  with (IC 50  = 54.87 ± 5.7 μg / ml) and dichloromethane extract of  Salvia officinalis  with (IC 50  = 71.20 ± 14.3 μg / ml) had the greatest inhibitory effect on α-amylase comparing to acarbose with (IC 50  = 42.94 ± 3.8 μg / ml) as a standard. Tukey test results showed that there is a significant difference between IC 50  of acarbose comparing to methanol extract of  Salvia mirzayanii  and dichloromethane extracts of  Salvia mirzayanii  and  Salvia santolinifola  with  P  value ˂0.001 in α-amylase inhibition. Conclusion The extracts had significant inhibitory effects on α-amylase inhibition. Among the extracts of the studied species, methanol extract of  Salvia santolinifola  demonstrated the greatest inhibitory effect on α-amylase.

clinical phytoscience

An investigationof the inhibitory effects of dichloromethane and methanol extracts of Salvia macilenta, Salvia officinalis, Salvia santolinifola and Salvia mirzayanii on diabetes marker enzymes, an approach for the treatment diabetes