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Background  Malnutrition is a public health problem, as wasting affects 7.5% of children worldwide. The harmful effects of severe acute malnutrition (SAM) can last a lifetime, but how SAM in childhood affects later breastfeeding ability is not clear. In the present study, we assessed the human milk output and body composition among mothers with a history of childhood SAM.    Methods  This retrospective cohort study was carried out in Miti-Murhesa Health Zone (Democratic Republic of Congo) from January 15 to March 17, 2020. We selected lactating mothers with breastfed infants aged 2–12 months. Two categories of mothers were included: those who had been treated for SAM during their childhood (years 1988–2003;  n  = 39) and a community control with no history of SAM ( n  = 40). The weight, height, and mid-upper arm circumference were measured and body mass index (BMI) calculated as weight/height 2 . Body composition and human milk output were assessed using standard deuterium dilution methods. Student t and chi 2  tests ware applied to compare two groups.    Results  The mean age ± standard deviation of the mothers was 24.4 ± 5.1 and 26.0 ± 6.1 years for the SAM and control groups, respectively ( p  = 0.186). The age of their infants was 5.4 ± 2.3 months in both groups ( p  = 0.962). In the SAM and control groups, the mean maternal BMI was 23.8 ± 2.3 and 23.6 ± 3.7 kg/m 2  ( p  = 0.849), mean Fat Mass 27.1% ± 5.0 and 27.1% ± 5.8% ( p  = 0.708), and the mean Fat Free mass 72.9% ± 5.0 and 72.9% ± 5.8% ( p  = 0.998), respectively. Human milk output was 833.7 ± 152.1 g/d in SAM group and 827.4 ± 171.4 g/d in the control group ( p  = 0.864).    Conclusions  We found no significant difference in human milk output and body composition in mothers treated for SAM during childhood compared to community controls.

Human Milk output among mothers previously treated for severe acute malnutrition in childhood in Democratic Republic of Congo