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Objectives  Obesity and insulin resistance (IR) are interrelated in a range of ways. The IR-obesity relationship is not a cause-and-effect association. Molecular biology research has made tremendous strides in discovering contributors to find this association. Genes that control adipocyte function such as caveolin-1 ( CAV1 ) ;  probably interact in the pathogenesis of human IR in this context. The involvement of  CAV1  in glucose/lipid homeostasis is revealed and could modify the signaling of the insulin receptor. We examined the association between  CAV1  and insulin signaling in modifying dyslipidemia and fat composition in overweight and obese women with a prevalent variant in the  CAV1  gene.    Results  Minor allele carriers were slightly older and had higher BMI (p = 0.02), FMI (p = 0.006), and VLF (p = 0.01) values; and tended to have lower total cholesterol TC (p = 0.04), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (p = 0.001) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (p = 0.003). HOMA-IR levels predicted fat mass index (FMI) 0.47 (0.08, 0.87), visceral fat level (VFL) 0.65 (0.23, 1.07), TC 6.82 (1.76, 11.88) and HDL-C − 1.663 (− 3.11, − 0.214) only between minor allele carriers in adjusted models. (β, CI). Our results cast a new light on the IR mechanism and future studies will elucidate the clinical relevance of  CAV1 -IR in patients with dyslipidemia and high fat composition.

Are caveolin-1 minor alleles more likely to be risk alleles in insulin resistance mechanisms in metabolic diseases?