English (United Kingdom)

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/featured_content/oa?rat=en

https://curated-unify.zendy.io/wp-json/zendy-region/v1/highlighted_journal/

Global: Zendy Plus annual

Presents the access of premium content as premium feature

Premium Content

Presents the keyphrase highlighting as premium feature

Keyphrase Highlighting

Presents the summarisation as premium feature

Summarisation

Insights

Presents the pdf analysis as premium feature

PDF Analysis

Presents the zaia usage as premium feature

ZAIA

Global: Zendy Tools annual

Global: Zendy Free Plan

Global: Zendy Tools monthly

Global: Zendy Plus monthly

Background Lovastatin is one of the first statins to be extensively used for its cholesterol-lowering ability. It is commercially produced by fermentation. Species belonging to the genus  Aspergillus  are well-studied fungi that have been widely used for lovastatin production. In the present study, we produced lovastatin from sago processing wastewater (SWW) under submerged fermentation using oleaginous fungal strains,  A. terreus  KPR12 and  A. caespitosus  ASEF14. Results The intra- and extracellular concentrations of lovastatin produced by  A. terreus  KPR12 and  A. caespitosus  ASEF14 were lactonized. Because  A. caespitosus  ASEF14 produced a negligible amount of lovastatin, further kinetics of lovastatin production in SWW was studied using the KPR12 strain for 9 days. Lovastatin concentrations in the intra- and extracellular fractions of the  A. terreus  KPR12 cultured in a synthetic medium (SM) were 117.93 and 883.28 mg L –1 , respectively. However, these concentrations in SWW were 142.23 and 429.98 mg L –1 , respectively. The yeast growth inhibition bioassay confirmed the antifungal property of fungal extracts.  A. terreus  KPR12 showed a higher inhibition zone of 14 mm than the ASEF14 strain. The two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA;  p  &lt;  0.01 ) showed significant differences in the localization pattern, fungal strains, growth medium, and their respective interactions. The lovastatin yield coefficient values were 0.153 g g –1  on biomass (Y LOV/X ) and 0.043 g g –1  on the substrate, starch (Y LOV/S ). The pollutant level of treated SWW exhibited a reduction in total solids (TS, 59%), total dissolved solids (TDS, 68%), biological oxygen demand (BOD, 79.5%), chemical oxygen demand (COD, 57.1%), phosphate (88%), cyanide (65.4%), and void of nutrients such as nitrate (100%), and ammonia (100%). Conclusion The starch-rich wastewater serves as a suitable medium for  A. terreus  KPR12 for the production of lovastatin. It simultaneously decontaminates the sago processing wastewater, enabling its reuse for irrigation/recreation. Graphical Abstract

Lovastatin production by an oleaginous fungus, Aspergillus terreus KPR12 using sago processing wastewater (SWW)