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Background  This study aimed to investigate the mechanism of miR-29a-3p in regulating endometrial cancer (EC) progression.    Methods  A total of 72 EC patients were enrolled. EC cells were transfected. Cells proliferation, cloning ability, migration and invasion were researched by MTT assay, colony formation experiment, cell scratch test and Transwell experiment respectively. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was performed. Xenograft experiment was conducted using nude mice. miR-29a-3p, VEGFA, CDC42, PAK1 and p-PAK1 expression in cells/tissues was investigated by qRT-PCR and Western blot.    Results  miR-29a-3p expression was aberrantly reduced in EC patients, which was associated with poor outcome. miR-29a-3p inhibited EC cells proliferation, cloning formation, migration and invasion ( P  <  0.05 or  P  <  0.01 or  P  <  0.001). miR-29a-3p inhibited CDC42/PAK1 signaling pathway activity in EC cells ( P  <  0.01). VEGFA expression was directly inhibited by miR-29a-3p. miR-29a-3p suppressed EC cells malignant phenotype in vitro and growth in vivo by targeting VEGFA/CDC42/PAK1 signaling pathway ( P  < 0.05 or  P  < 0.01).    Conclusion  miR-29a-3p inhibits EC cells proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting VEGFA/CDC42/PAK1 signaling pathway.    Supplementary Information  The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-08506-z.

miR-29a-3p inhibits endometrial cancer cell proliferation, migration and invasion by targeting VEGFA/CD C42/PAK1