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Upper Aero digestive Tract (UADT) is the commonest site for the development of second cancer in females after primary cervical cancer. Glutathione S-transferase ( GSTM1  and / or  T1 ) null genotype modulates the risk of developing UADT cancer (primary as well as second cancer). The aim of this study was to evaluate the difference in  GST  null genotype frequencies in females with paired cancers in the UADT and genital region as compared to females with paired cancers in the UADT and non-genital region. Forty-nine females with a cancer in the UADT and another cancer (at all sites-genital and non-genital) were identified from a database of patients with multiple primary neoplasms and were analyzed for the  GSTM1  and  T1  genotype in addition to known factors such as age, tobacco habits, alcohol habits and family history of cancer. Frequencies of  GSTM1  null,  GSTT1  null, and  either GSTM1/T1  null were higher in females with paired occurrence of cancer in the UADT and genital site (54%, 33% and 75% respectively) in comparison to females with paired occurrence of cancer in the UADT and non-genital sites (22%, 6% and 24% respectively). The significantly higher inherited frequency of either  GSTM1 / T1  null genotype in females with a paired occurrence of cancers in UADT and genital region (p = 0.01), suggests that these females are more susceptible to damage by carcinogens as compared to females who have UADT cancers in association with cancers at non-genital sites.

journal of carcinogenesis

Females with paired occurrence of cancers in the UADT and genital region have a higher frequency of either Glutathione S-transferase M1/T1 null genotype.