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Nutrition Issues in Pediatric Crohn's Disease
Author(s) -
Wiskin Anthony E.,
Wootton Stephen A.,
Beattie Robert M.
Publication year - 2007
Publication title -
nutrition in clinical practice
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 0.725
H-Index - 71
eISSN - 1941-2452
pISSN - 0884-5336
DOI - 10.1177/0115426507022002214
Subject(s) - medicine , parenteral nutrition , disease , inflammatory bowel disease , malabsorption , crohn's disease , intensive care medicine , medical nutrition therapy , ulcerative colitis , medical diagnosis , malnutrition , pediatrics , pathology
Twenty‐five percent of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) diagnoses present in childhood, with Crohn's disease (CD) being the most common type. Many children have poor nutrition status at presentation of the disease, which may worsen during the clinical course, with a significant number of children having impaired linear growth. The cause of this poor nutrition status is complex, and contributing factors include inadequate intake, malabsorption, altered energy demands, and losses through stool, particularly in colitis. The principal aim of medical management is to induce disease remission, with minimal side effects, thereby enabling normal growth and development. This must include active consideration of the nutrition needs of such children and how they may be best met. However, our understanding of the manner in which the disease process affects the energy demands of children with CD or how poor nutrition, in turn, may affect the disease course is limited. This may constrain the efficacy and effectiveness of standard therapeutic approaches to care. This review explores the many factors of relevance in the delivery of nutrition support to children with inflammatory bowel disease, and explores the role of exclusive enteral nutrition as a corticosteroid‐sparing strategy to induce remission in children with active Crohn's disease.