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Background  The aim of this study was to investigate whether the association between baseline cardiovascular health ( CVH ) and incident cardiovascular disease differs according to coronary heart disease ( CHD ) and stroke subtypes, and to assess the mediating effect of inflammatory and hemostatic blood biomarkers.    Methods and Results  The association of ideal  CVH  with outcomes was derived in 9312 middle‐aged men from Northern Ireland and France (whole cohort) in multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. The mediating effect of baseline inflammatory and hemostatic blood biomarkers was evaluated in a case–control study nested within the cohort after 10 years of follow‐up. After a median follow‐up of 10 years, 614 first  CHD  events and 117 first stroke events were adjudicated. Compared with those with poor  CVH , those with an ideal  CVH  profile at baseline had a 72% lower risk of  CHD  (hazard ratio=0.28; 95% confidence interval, 0.17; 0.46) and a 76% lower risk of stroke (hazard ratio =0.24; 95% confidence interval, 0.06; 0.98). The magnitude of the risk reductions was similar for incident angina and myocardial infarction, but was lower for ischemic stroke. In the controls, the mean concentrations of high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein,  IL ‐6, and fibrinogen decreased with higher  CVH  status. Furthermore, the association of behavioral  CVH  with incident  CHD  was partly mediated by high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (16.69%),  IL ‐6 (8.52%), and fibrinogen (7.30%)    Conclusions  Our study shows no clear heterogeneity in the association of baseline  CVH  with the main subtypes of cardiovascular disease. This supports a universal promotion of ideal  CVH  for all cardiovascular disease subtypes. Furthermore, our mediation analysis suggests that the lower risk of  CHD  associated with ideal  CVH  is partly mediated by lower inflammatory and hemostatic blood biomarkers.

journal of the american heart association

Ideal Cardiovascular Health and Incident Cardiovascular Disease: Heterogeneity Across Event Subtypes and Mediating Effect of Blood Biomarkers: The PRIME Study