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Background  Bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( CPR ) more than doubles the chance of surviving an out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest. Recent data have shown considerable regional variation in bystander  CPR  rates across the Australian state of Victoria. This study aims to determine whether there is associated regional variation in rates of  CPR  training and willingness to perform  CPR  in these communities.    Methods and Results  We categorized each Victorian postcode as either a low or high bystander  CPR  region using data on adult, bystander‐witnessed, out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrests of presumed cardiac etiology (n=7175) from the Victorian Ambulance Cardiac Arrest Registry. We then surveyed adult Victorians (n=404) and compared  CPR  training data of the respondents from low and high bystander CPR regions. Of the 404 adults surveyed, 223 (55%) resided in regions with low bystander  CPR . Compared with respondents from high bystander  CPR  regions, respondents residing in regions with low bystander  CPR  had lower rates of  CPR  training (62% versus 75%,  P =0.009) and lower self‐ratings for their overall knowledge of  CPR  (76% versus 84%,  P =0.04). There were no differences between the regions in their reasons for not having undergone  CPR  training or in their willingness to perform  CPR . Rates of survival for bystander‐witnessed, out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrests were significantly lower in low bystander  CPR  regions (15.7% versus 17.0%,  P <0.001).    Conclusions  This study found lower rates of  CPR  training and lower survival in regions with lower rates of bystander  CPR  in Victoria, Australia. Targeting these regions with  CPR  training programs may improve bystander  CPR  rates and out‐of‐hospital cardiac arrest outcomes.

Regions With Low Rates of Bystander Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ( CPR ) Have Lower Rates of CPR Training in Victoria, Australia