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Background  Saturated fat ( SFA ), ω‐6 (n‐6) polyunsaturated fat ( PUFA ), and trans fat ( TFA ) influence risk of coronary heart disease ( CHD ), but attributable  CHD  mortalities by country, age, sex, and time are unclear.    Methods and Results  National intakes of  SFA , n‐6  PUFA , and  TFA  were estimated using a Bayesian hierarchical model based on country‐specific dietary surveys; food availability data; and, for  TFA , industry reports on fats/oils and packaged foods. Etiologic effects of dietary fats on  CHD  mortality were derived from meta‐analyses of prospective cohorts and  CHD  mortality rates from the 2010 Global Burden of Diseases study. Absolute and proportional attributable  CHD  mortality were computed using a comparative risk assessment framework. In 2010, nonoptimal intakes of n‐6  PUFA ,  SFA , and  TFA  were estimated to result in 711 800 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 680 700–745 000), 250 900 (95%  UI  236 900–265 800), and 537 200 (95%  UI  517 600–557 000)  CHD  deaths per year worldwide, accounting for 10.3% (95%  UI  9.9%–10.6%), 3.6%, (95%  UI  3.5%–3.6%) and 7.7% (95%  UI  7.6%–7.9%) of global  CHD  mortality. Tropical oil–consuming countries were estimated to have the highest proportional n‐6  PUFA – and  SFA ‐attributable  CHD  mortality, whereas Egypt, Pakistan, and Canada were estimated to have the highest proportional  TFA ‐attributable  CHD  mortality. From 1990 to 2010 globally, the estimated proportional CHD mortality decreased by 9% for insufficient n‐6 PUFA and by 21% for higher SFA, whereas it increased by 4% for higher  TFA , with the latter driven by increases in low‐ and middle‐income countries.    Conclusions  Nonoptimal intakes of n‐6  PUFA ,  TFA , and  SFA  each contribute to significant estimated  CHD  mortality, with important heterogeneity across countries that informs nation‐specific clinical, public health, and policy priorities.

Impact of Nonoptimal Intakes of Saturated, Polyunsaturated, and Trans Fat on Global Burdens of Coronary Heart Disease