Open AccessCytoplasmic HAX1 Is an Independent Risk Factor for Breast Cancer Metastasis
Author(s) -
Alicja Trębińska-Stryjewska,
Lukasz Szafron,
Alina Rembiszewska,
Maciej Wakuła,
Sylwia Tabor,
Renata Sienkiewicz,
Joanna Owczarek,
Anna Balcerak,
Anna Felisiak-Gołąbek,
Ewa A. Grzybowska
Publication year - 2019
Publication title -
journal of oncology
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.228
H-Index - 54
eISSN - 1687-8469
pISSN - 1687-8450
DOI - 10.1155/2019/6375025
Subject(s) - breast cancer , medicine , metastasis , cancer , oncology , ca15 3 , disease , immunohistochemistry , cytoplasm , risk factor , cancer research , pathology , biology , biochemistry
HAX1 is an antiapoptotic factor involved in the regulation of cell migration and calcium homeostasis, overexpressed in several cancers, including breast cancer. It has been suggested that HAX1 is also implicated in metastasis. Herein we report the results of meta-analysis of HAX1 expression, based on publicly available data, which confirms its significant overexpression in breast cancer and demonstrates copy number gain and prognostic value of HAX1 overexpression for metastatic relapse in ER+ tumors. IHC analysis reported here also reveals its significant overexpression in breast cancer samples from primary tumors, indicating significantly higher HAX1 protein levels in a group of patients who developed distant metastases in a disease course. Moreover, we demonstrate that HAX1 localization is important for the prediction of metastatic relapse and that cytoplasmic but not nuclear HAX1 is an independent risk factor for breast cancer metastasis.