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In this paper, the versions of quantum electrodynamics (QED) with spinors infermion equations are briefly examined. In the new variants of the theory, theconcept of vacuum polarization is unnecessary. The new content of fermionvacuum (without the Dirac sea) in the examined versions of QED leads to newphysical consequences, part of which can be tested experimentally in thefuture.

The lack of vacuum polarization in quantum electrodynamics with spinors in fermion equations