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We analyzed five bacterial strains, designated 19982, 9194, 10457, 10790, and 12502, that were isolated from stool specimens of individuals with diarrheal illness by the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research in Dhaka, Bangladesh (M. J. Albert, S. M. Faruque, M. Ansaruzzaman, M. M. Islam, K. Haider, K. Alam, I. Kabir, and R. Robins-Browne, J. Med. Microbiol. 37:310–314, 1992). The strains were initially identified asHafnia alvei with a commercial identification system and were reported to contain theeae gene of enteropathogenicEscherichia coli . Results of conventional biochemical analyses, testing of susceptibility to cephalothin, lysis by aHafnia -specific phage, and amplification of the outer membrane protein genephoE with species-specific primers support the identification of these strains as members of the genusEscherichia rather thanHafnia alvei . These strains varied from typicalE. coli strains by their inability to produce acid from lactose ord -sorbitol and failure to elaborate the enzyme β-d -glucuronidase. PCR analysis confirmed previous findings that the strains were positive for theeae gene and negative for other virulence markers present among recognized categories of diarrheagenicE. coli . Our findings support the hypothesis that these strains are a new category of diarrheagenic isolates belonging to the genusEscherichia and illustrate the importance of using multiple methodologies when identifying new bacterial agents of diarrheal disease.

Prototypal Diarrheagenic Strains of Hafnia alvei Are Actually Members of the Genus Escherichia