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The mutual phylogenetic relationships of dermatophytes of the generaTrichophyton ,Microsporum , andEpidermophyton were demonstrated by using internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) region ribosomal DNA sequences.Trichophyton spp. andMicrosporum spp. form a cluster in the phylogenetic tree withEpidermophyton floccosum as an outgroup, and within this cluster, allTrichophyton spp. exceptTrichophyton terrestre form a nested cluster (100% bootstrap support). Members of dermatophytes in the cluster ofTrichophyton spp. were classified into three groups with ITS1 homologies, with each of them being a monophyletic cluster (100% bootstrap support). TheArthroderma vanbreuseghemii-Arthroderma simii group consists ofA. vanbreuseghemii ,A. simii ,Trichophyton mentagrophytes isolates from humans,T. mentagrophytes var.quinckeanum ,Trichophyton tonsurans , andTrichophyton schoenleinii. Arthroderma benhamiae ,T. mentagrophytes var.erinacei , andTrichophyton verrucosum are members of theArthroderma benhamiae group.Trichophyton rubrum andTrichophyton violaceum form theT. rubrum group. This suggests that these “species” of dermatophytes have been overclassified. The ITS1 sequences of 11 clinical isolates were also determined to identify the species, and all strains were successfully identified by comparison of their base sequences with those in the ITS1 DNA sequence database.

journal of clinical microbiology

Phylogenetic Classification and Species Identification of Dermatophyte Strains Based on DNA Sequences of Nuclear Ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer 1 Regions