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PCR assays targeting rRNA genes were developed to identify species (genomovars) within theBurkholderia cepacia complex. Each assay was tested with 177 bacterial isolates that also underwent taxonomic analysis by whole-cell protein profile. These isolates were from clinical and environmental sources and included 107B. cepacia complex strains, 23Burkholderia gladioli strains, 20Ralstonia pickettii strains, 10Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, 8Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains, and 9 isolates belonging to nine other species. The sensitivity and specificity of the 16S rRNA-based assay forBurkholderia multivorans (genomovar II) were 100 and 99%, respectively; forBurkholderia vietnamiensis (genomovar V), sensitivity and specificity were 87 and 92%, respectively. An assay based on 16S and 23S rRNA gene analysis ofB. cepacia ATCC 25416 (genomovar I) was useful in identifying genomovars I, III, and IV as a group (sensitivity, 100%, and specificity, 99%). Another assay, designed to be specific at the genus level, identified all but one of theBurkholderia andRalstonia isolates tested (sensitivity, 99%, and specificity, 96%). The combined use of these assays offers a significant improvement over previously published PCR assays forB. cepacia .

Development of rRNA-Based PCR Assays for Identification of Burkholderia cepacia Complex Isolates Recovered from Cystic Fibrosis Patients