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Bernheimer, Alan W. (New York University School of Medicine, New York, N.Y.),and Lois L. Schwartz . Lysis of bacterial protoplasts and spheroplasts by staphylococcal α-toxin and streptolysin S. J. Bacteriol.89: 1387–1392. 1965.—Protoplasts ofBacillus megaterium, Sarcina lutea , andStreptococcus pyogenes , and spheroplasts ofEscherichia coli were lysed by staphylococcal α-toxin, whereas spheroplasts ofVibrio metschnikovii andV. comma were not. In the spectrum of its lytic action, streptolysin S qualitatively resembled staphylococcal α-toxin except for failure to lyseS. pyogenes protoplasts. In contrast to the two foregoing agents, streptolysin O did not lyse protoplasts and spheroplasts. The observations are interpreted in relation to similarities and differences in lipid composition of bacterial and mammalian cell membranes.

Lysis of Bacterial Protoplasts and Spheroplasts by Staphylococcal α-Toxin and Streptolysin S