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It is proposed that thelytB gene encodes an enzyme of the deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate (DOXP) pathway that catalyzes a step at or subsequent to the point at which the pathway branches to form isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). A mutant of the cyanobacteriumSynechocystis strain PCC 6803 with an insertion in the promoter region oflytB grew slowly and produced greenish-yellow, easily bleached colonies. Insertions in the coding region oflytB were lethal. Supplementation of the culture medium with the alcohol analogues of IPP and DMAPP (3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol and 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol) completely alleviated the growth impairment of the mutant. TheSynechocystis lytB gene and alytB cDNA from the flowering plantAdonis aestivalis were each found to significantly enhance accumulation of carotenoids inEscherichia coli engineered to produce these colored isoprenoid compounds. When combined with a cDNA encoding deoxyxylulose-5-phosphate synthase (dxs ), the initial enzyme of the DOXP pathway, the individual salutary effects oflytB anddxs were multiplied. In contrast, the combination oflytB and a cDNA encoding IPP isomerase (ipi ) was no more effective in enhancing carotenoid accumulation thanipi alone, indicating that the ratio of IPP and DMAPP produced via the DOXP pathway is influenced by LytB.

Evidence of a Role for LytB in the Nonmevalonate Pathway of Isoprenoid Biosynthesis