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The mRNA for a major outer membrane lipoprotein fromEscherichia coli was found to hybridize specifically with one of theEco RI and one of theHin dIII restriction endonuclease-generated fragments of total DNA from nine bacteria in the familyEnterobacteriaceae: E. coli, Shigella dysenteriae, Salmonella typhimurium, Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella aerogenes, Enterobacter aerogenes, Edwardsiella tarda, Serratia marcescens , andErwinia amylovora . However, among theEnterobacteriaceae , DNA from two species ofProteus (P. mirabilis andP. morganii ) did not contain any restriction endonuclease fragments that hybridized with theE. coli lipoprotein mRNA. Furthermore, no hybrid bands were detected in four other gram-negative bacteria outside the familyEnterobacteriaceae: Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter sp. HO1-N,Caulobacter crescentus , andMyxococcus xanthus . Envelope fractions from all bacteria in the familyEnterobacteriaceae tested above cross-reacted with antiserum against the purifiedE. coli free-form lipoprotein in the Ouchterlony immunodiffusion test. Both species ofProteus , however, gave considerably weaker precipitation lines, in comparison with the intense lines produced by the other members of the family. All of the above four bacteria outside the familyEnterobacteriaceae did not cross-react with anti-E. coli lipoprotein serum. From these results, the rate of evolutionary changes in the lipoprotein gene seems to be closely related to that observed for various soluble enzymes of theEnterobacteriaceae .

Homology of the Gene Coding for Outer Membrane Lipoprotein Within Various Gram-Negative Bacteria