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The lipooligosaccharide (LOS) ofHaemophilus ducreyi , the etiologic agent of chancroid, chemically and immunologically resembles human glycosphingolipid antigens. To test whether LOS that contains paragloboside-like structures was required for pustule formation, an isogenic mutant (35000HP-RSM2) was constructed inlosB , which encodesd -glycero -d -manno -heptosyltransferase. 35000HP-RSM2 produces a truncated LOS whose major glycoform terminates in a single glucose attached to a heptose trisaccharide core and 2-keto-3-deoxyoctulosonic acid. Five human subjects were inoculated with 35000HP and 35000HP-RSM2 in a dose-response trial. For estimated delivered doses (EDDs) of ≥25 CFU, the pustule formation rates were 80% for 35000HP and 58% for 35000HP-RSM2. Preliminary data indicated that a previously described Tn916 losB mutant made a minor glycoform that does not requiredd -heptose to form the terminalN -acetyllactosamine. If 35000HP-RSM2 made this glycoform, then 35000HP-RSM2 could theoretically make a sialylated glycoform. To test whether sialylated LOS was required for pustule formation, a second trial comparing an isogenic sialyltransferase mutant (35000HP-RSM203) to 35000HP was performed in five additional subjects. For EDDs of ≥25 CFU, the pustule formation rates were 30% for both 35000HP and 35000HP-RSM203. The histopathology and recovery rates ofH. ducreyi from surface cultures and biopsies obtained from mutant and parent sites in both trials were similar. These results indicate that neither the expression of a major glycoform resembling paragloboside nor sialylated LOS is required for pustule formation byH. ducreyi in humans.

infection and immunity

Expression of Sialylated or Paragloboside-Like Lipooligosaccharides Are Not Required for Pustule Formation by <i>Haemophilus ducreyi</i> in Human Volunteers

Expression of Sialylated or Paragloboside-Like Lipooligosaccharides Are Not Required for Pustule Formation by Haemophilus ducreyi in Human Volunteers