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The antiinflammatory cytokine response during urosepsis was determined by measurement of concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor (sTNFR) types I and II, interleukin 1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), soluble IL-1 receptor type II (sIL-1RII), and interleukin 10 in sera and urine of 30 patients with culture-proven urinary tract infections before and 4, 24, 48, and 72 h after initiation of antibiotic therapy and in 20 healthy individuals. In serum, the levels of sTNFR types I and II, IL-1ra, and IL-10 were higher in patients than in controls. In urine, only sTNFR type I and II levels were elevated in patients. The ratios of concentrations of both types of sTNFR in urine to concentrations in serum were higher in patients than in controls. These findings indicate that during urosepsis, the antiinflammatory cytokine response is generated predominantly at the systemic level.

Levels of Inhibitors of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha and Interleukin 1β in Urine and Sera of Patients with Urosepsis