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Chlamydia pneumoniae is a respiratory pathogen that has been associated with chronic inflammatory diseases such as asthma and atherosclerosis. Recent isolation ofC. pneumoniae from human carotid and coronary atheromas provides additional support for a role of this organism in atherogenesis. We characterized the coronary strainC. pneumoniae A-03 by sequence analysis of the major outer membrane protein gene (omp1 ). In addition, the in vitro activities of A-03 and three respiratory strains ofC. pneumoniae (BAL-16, TW-183, and T-2634) were examined in infected human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) by analysis of the production of interleukin-8 (IL-8), monocyte chemotactic protein 1 (MCP-1), and soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1). Sequence analysis ofomp1 ofC. pneumoniae A-03, compared to prototype strains TW-183 and AR-39, revealed five nucleotide changes resulting in nonsynonymous codons. Of interest was a nonconservative amino acid substitution (Ser to Pro) in position 61 of variable segment 1. In vitro, the extent of MCP-1, IL-8, and sICAM-1 production was dependent on theC. pneumoniae strain examined at low multiplicities of infection following 24 h of incubation. Strain A-03 displayed the lowest stimulatory activity in infected HUVEC, while T-2634 induced the highest levels of MCP-1, IL-8, and sICAM-1 among all strains examined. Heat-inactivatedC. pneumoniae failed to stimulate production of these proteins by all strains tested. In contrast, only partial inhibition was observed by UV-inactivated organisms. Results from this study demonstrate that unlike prototype respiratory strains ofC. pneumoniae , the coronary strain A-03 displays divergence in theomp1 gene. In addition, the stimulation of chemokines and adhesion molecules involved in the recruitment of leukocytes to sites of inflammation byC. pneumoniae may be important in the pathogenesis of diseases associated with this organism, including atherosclerosis.

infection and immunity

Characterization of a Strain of <i>Chlamydia pneumoniae</i> Isolated from a Coronary Atheroma by Analysis of the <i>omp1</i> Gene and Biological Activity in Human Endothelial Cells

Characterization of a Strain of Chlamydia pneumoniae Isolated from a Coronary Atheroma by Analysis of the omp1 Gene and Biological Activity in Human Endothelial Cells