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Clinical isolates of Escherichia hermannii which showed serological cross-reaction with polyclonal antisera to the O-polysaccharide portion of the lipopolysaccharide of E. coli O157 strains and with antisera to the O antigens of Brucella abortus and B. melitensis were found by chemical and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses to have lipopolysaccharide O chains composed of linear polymers containing 1,2- and 1,3-linked 4-acetamido-4,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-mannopyranosyl (alpha-D-Rhap4NAc) residues. Two O-antigen structures were identified; each had an unbranched pentasaccharide repeating unit, and one was composed of three 1,2- and two 1,3-linked alpha-D-Rhap4NAc residues and the other had two 1,2- and three 1,3-linked alpha-D-Rhap4NAc residues. The above-described cross-serological reactivities, which have led to false-positive identifications, are related to the common occurrence of epitopes involving the presence of N-acyl derivatives of 4-amino-4,6-dideoxy-D-mannopyranosyl residues in the O-polysaccharide portions of the respective lipopolysaccharides of the organisms. Strains of E. hermannii which did not show serological cross-reactions with E. coli O157 and Brucella antisera were found to have unique lipopolysaccharide O chains devoid of D-Rhap4NAc residues, demonstrating the existence of serotypes of E. hermannii that are distinct on the basis of their lipopolysaccharide components.

infection and immunity

Antigenic relationships of the lipopolysaccharides of Escherichia hermannii strains with those of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Brucella melitensis, and Brucella abortus