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The basis for the resistance of certain algae to microbial decomposition in natural waters was investigated usingPediastrum duplex, Staurastrum sp., andFischerella muscicola as test organisms. Enzyme preparations previously found to convert susceptible algae into spheroplasts had no such effect on the resistant species, although glucose and galacturonic acid were released fromP. duplex walls. Little protein or lipid but considerable carbohydrate was found in the walls of the refractory organisms, but resistance was not correlated with the presence of a unique sugar monomer. A substance present inStaurastrum sp. walls was characterized as lignin or lignin-like on the basis of its extraction characteristics, infrared spectrum, pyrolysis pattern, and content of an aromatic building block. Sporopollenin was found inP. duplex , and cellulose inStaurastrum sp. Cell walls of the algae were fractionated, and the fractions least susceptible to microbial degradation were the sporopollenin ofP. duplex , the polyaromatic component ofStaurastrum sp., and twoF. muscicola fractions containing several sugar monomers. The sporopollenin content ofP. duplex , the content of lignin or a related constituent ofStaurastrum sp., and the resistance of the algae to microbial attack increased with age. It is suggested that resistance results from the presence of sporopollenin inP. duplex , a lignin-like material inStaurastrum sp., and possibly heteropolysaccharides inF. muscicola .

Basis for the Resistance of Several Algae to Microbial Decomposition