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Phages infectingVibrio vulnificus were abundant (&gt;104 phages g of oyster tissue−1 ) throughout the year in oysters (Crassostrea virginica ) collected from estuaries adjacent to the Gulf of Mexico (Apalachicola Bay, Fla.; Mobile Bay, Ala.; and Black Bay, La.). Estimates of abundance ranged from 101 to 105 phages g of oyster tissue−1 and were dependent on the bacterial strain used to assay the sample.V. vulnificus was near or below detection limits (&lt;0.3 cell g−1 ) from January through March and was most abundant (103 to 104 cells g−1 ) during the summer and fall, when phage abundances also tended to be greatest. The phages isolated were specific to strains ofV. vulnificus , except for one isolate that caused lysis in a few strains ofV. parahaemolyticus . Based on morphological evidence obtained by transmission electron microscopy, the isolates belonged to thePodoviridae ,Styloviridae , andMyoviridae , three families of double-stranded DNA phages. One newly described morphotype belonging to thePodoviridae appears to be ubiquitous in Gulf Coast oysters. Isolates of this morphotype have an elongated capsid (mean, 258 nm; standard deviation, 4 nm;n = 35), with some isolates having a relatively broad host range among strains ofV. vulnificus . Results from this study indicate that a morphologically diverse group of phages which infectV. vulnificus is abundant and widely distributed in oysters from estuaries bordering the northeastern Gulf of Mexico.

Phages InfectingVibrio vulnificusAre Abundant and Diverse in Oysters (Crassostrea virginica) Collected from the Gulf of Mexico