Open AccessBiomaterials with structural hierarchy and controlled 3D nanotopography guide endogenous bone regeneration
Author(s) -
Shixuan Chen,
Hongjun Wang,
Valerio Luca Mainardi,
Giuseppe Talò,
Alec McCarthy,
Johnson V. John,
Matthew J. Teusink,
Liu Hong,
Jingwei Xie
Publication year - 2021
Publication title -
science advances
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 5.928
H-Index - 146
ISSN - 2375-2548
DOI - 10.1126/sciadv.abg3089
Subject(s) - nanotopography , regeneration (biology) , scaffold , biomedical engineering , nanofiber , materials science , in vivo , bone healing , bone tissue , bone mineral , endogeny , biophysics , chemistry , microbiology and biotechnology , nanotechnology , anatomy , biology , pathology , medicine , biochemistry , osteoporosis
Biomaterials without exogenous cells or therapeutic agents often fail to achieve rapid endogenous bone regeneration with high quality. Here, we reported a class of three-dimensional (3D) nanofiber scaffolds with hierarchical structure and controlled alignment for effective endogenous cranial bone regeneration. 3D scaffolds consisting of radially aligned nanofibers guided and promoted the migration of bone marrow stem cells from the surrounding region to the center in vitro. These scaffolds showed the highest new bone volume, surface coverage, and mineral density among the tested groups in vivo. The regenerated bone exhibited a radially aligned fashion, closely recapitulating the scaffold's architecture. The organic phase in regenerated bone showed an aligned, layered, and densely packed structure, while the inorganic mineral phase showed a uniform distribution with smaller pore size and an even distribution of stress upon the simulated compression. We expect that this study will inspire the design of next-generation biomaterials for effective endogenous bone regeneration with desired quality.