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Külshammer, Olsson and Robinson conjectured that a certain set of numbers determined the invariant factors of the ℓ‐Cartan matrix for  S   n   (equivalently, the invariant factors of the Cartan matrix for the Iwahori–Hecke algebra ℋ  n  ( q ), where  q  is a primitive ℓth root of unity). We call these invariant factors Cartan invariants. In a previous paper, the second author calculated these Cartan invariants when ℓ= p   r  ,  p  is prime and  r ⩽ p , and went on to conjecture that the formulae should hold for all  r . Another result was obtained, which is surprising and counterintuitive from a block theoretic point of view. Namely, given the prime decomposition    ℓ  =   p  1    r  1⋅  …  ⋅   p  k    r  k, the Cartan matrix of an ℓ‐block of  S   n   is a product of Cartan matrices associated top  i    r  i‐blocks of  S   n  . In particular, the invariant factors of the Cartan matrix associated to an ℓ‐block of  S   n   can be recovered from the Cartan matrices associated to thep  i    r  i‐blocks. In this paper, we formulate an explicit combinatorial determination of the Cartan invariants of  S   n  , not only for the full Cartan matrix,  but also for an individual block . We collect evidence for this conjecture by showing that the formulae predict the correct determinant of the ℓ‐Cartan matrix. We then go on to show that Hill's conjecture implies the conjecture of Külshammer, Olsson and Robinson.

Cartan invariants of symmetric groups and Iwahori–Hecke algebras