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Antibody‐enhanced hepatitis E virus nanofiltration during the manufacture of human immunoglobulin
Author(s) -
Kapsch AnnaMaria,
Farcet Maria R.,
Wieser Andreas,
Ahmad Monazza Q.,
Miyabayashi Tomoyuki,
Baylis Sally A.,
Blümel Johannes,
Kreil Thomas R.
Publication year - 2020
Publication title -
transfusion
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.045
H-Index - 132
eISSN - 1537-2995
pISSN - 0041-1132
DOI - 10.1111/trf.16014
Subject(s) - hepatitis e virus , antibody , chemistry , nanofiltration , virology , biology , immunology , biochemistry , membrane , genotype , gene
Abstract Background Circulation of hepatitis E virus (HEV) in areas where plasma is sourced for the manufacture of plasma‐derived medicinal products (PDMPs) has prompted verification of HEV clearance. HEV exists as quasi lipid‐enveloped (LE) and non–lipid‐enveloped (NLE) forms, which might be of relevance for HEV clearance from manufacturing processes of antibody‐containing PDMPs with solvent/detergent (S/D) treatment upstream of further clearance steps. Study Design and Methods Presence of different HEV particles in stocks used in clearance studies was investigated, with nanofilters graded around the assumed HEV particle sizes and by gradient centrifugation. HEV removal by 35‐nm nanofiltration was investigated in the presence or absence of HEV antibodies, in buffer as well as in immunoglobulin (IG) manufacturing process intermediates. Results HEV particles consistent with LE, NLE, and an “intermediate” (IM) phenotype, obtained after S/D treatment, were seen in different HEV stocks. In the absence of HEV antibodies, log reduction factors (LRFs) of 4.0 and 2.5 were obtained by 35‐nm nanofiltration of LE and IM HEV, consistent with the larger and smaller sizes of these phenotypes. Addition of HEV antibodies enhanced IM HEV removal around 1000‐fold (LRF, 5.6). Effective (LRF, >4.8 and >4.0) HEV removal was obtained for the nanofiltration processing step for IG intermediates with varying HEV antibody content. Conclusion HEV spikes used in clearance studies should be carefully selected, as differences in physicochemical properties might affect HEV clearance. Antibody‐mediated enhancement of HEV nanofiltration was demonstrated in IG process intermediates even at low HEV antibody concentration, illustrating the robustness of this manufacturing step.