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Summary  Boron is a micronutrient that is required for the normal growth and development of vascular plants, but its precise functions remain a subject of debate. One established role for boron is in the cell wall where it forms a diester cross‐link between two monomers of the low‐abundance pectic polysaccharide rhamnogalacturonan‐ II  ( RG ‐ II ). The inability of  RG ‐ II  to properly assemble into a dimer results in the formation of cell walls with abnormal biochemical and biomechanical properties and has a severe impact on plant productivity. Here we describe the effects on  RG ‐ II  structure and cross‐linking and on the growth of plants in which the expression of a  GDP ‐sugar transporter ( GONST 3/ GGLT 1) has been reduced. In the   GGLT 1 ‐silenced plants the amount of L‐galactose in side‐chain A of  RG ‐ II  is reduced by up to 50%. This leads to a reduction in the extent of  RG ‐ II  cross‐linking in the cell walls as well as a reduction in the stability of the dimer in the presence of calcium chelators. The silenced plants have a dwarf phenotype, which is rescued by growth in the presence of increased amounts of boric acid. Similar to the  mur1  mutant, which also disrupts  RG ‐ II  cross‐linking,   GGLT 1 ‐silenced plants display a loss of cell wall integrity under salt stress. We conclude that  GGLT 1 is probably the primary Golgi  GDP ‐L‐galactose transporter, and provides  GDP ‐L‐galactose for  RG ‐ II  biosynthesis. We propose that the L‐galactose residue is critical for  RG ‐ II  dimerization and for the stability of the borate cross‐link.

Suppression of Arabidopsis GGLT 1 affects growth by reducing the L‐galactose content and borate cross‐linking of rhamnogalacturonan‐ II