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Summary  Drought and  Verticillium  wilt disease are two main factors that limit cotton production, which necessitates the identification of key molecular switch to simultaneously improve cotton resistance to  Verticillium dahliae  and tolerance to drought stress. R2R3‐type MYB proteins could play such a role because of their conserved functions in plant development, growth, and metabolism regulation, however, till date a MYB gene conferring the desired resistance to both biotic and abiotic stresses has not been found in cotton. Here, we describe the identification of  GhMYB36 , a gene encoding a R2R3‐type MYB protein in  Gossypium hirsutum , which confers drought tolerance and  Verticilium  wilt resistance in both Arabidopsis and cotton.  GhMYB36  was highly induced by PEG‐simulated drought stress in  G. hirsutum .  GhMYB36 ‐silenced cotton plants were more sensitive to both drought stress and  Verticillium  wilt.  GhMYB36  overexpression in transgenic Arabidopsis and cotton plants gave rise to improved drought tolerance and  Verticillium  wilt resistance. Transient expression of fused GhMYB36‐GFP in tobacco cells was able to localize GhMYB36 in the cell nucleus. In addition, RNA‐seq analysis together with qRT‐PCR validation in transgenic Arabidopsis overexpressing  GhMYB36  revealed significantly enhanced  PR1  expression. Luciferase interaction assays indicated that GhMYB36 are probably bound to the promoter of  PR1  to activate its expression and the interaction, which was further verified by Yeast one hybrid assay. Taken together, our results suggest that GhMYB36 functions as a transcription factor that is involved in drought tolerance and  Verticillium  wilt resistance in Arabidopsis and cotton by enhancing  PR1  expression.

The GhMYB36 transcription factor confers resistance to biotic and abiotic stress by enhancing PR1 gene expression in plants