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Summary   MYB  transcription factors ( TF s) have been demonstrated to play diverse roles in plant growth and development through interaction with basic helix‐loop‐helix ( bHLH )  TF s. Mdb HLH 33, an apple  bHLH TF , has been identified as a positive regulator in cold tolerance and anthocyanin accumulation by activating the expressions of  Md CBF 2  and  Md DFR  . In the present study, a  MYB TF  Md MYB 308L was found to also positively regulate cold tolerance and anthocyanin accumulation in apple. We found that Md MYB 308L interacted with Mdb HLH 33 and enhanced its binding to the promoters of  Md CBF 2  and  Md DFR  . In addition, an apple  RING  E3 ubiquitin ligase  MYB 30‐ INTERACTING  E3  LIGASE  1 (Md MIEL 1) was identified to be an Md MYB 308L‐interacting protein and promoted the ubiquitination degradation of Md MYB 308L, thus negatively regulated cold tolerance and anthocyanin accumulation in apple. These results suggest that Md MYB 308L acts as a positive regulator in cold tolerance and anthocyanin accumulation in apple by interacting with Mdb HLH 33 and undergoes Md MIEL 1‐mediated protein degradation. The dynamic change in  MYB ‐ bHLH  protein complex seems to play a key role in the regulation of plant growth and development.

An apple MYB transcription factor regulates cold tolerance and anthocyanin accumulation and undergoes MIEL1‐mediated degradation