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Sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas ) is one of the most important crops in the world, and its production rate is mainly decreased by the sweet potato virus disease (SPVD) caused by the co‐infection of sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus (SPCSV) and sweet potato feathery mottle virus. However, methods for improving SPVD resistance have not been established. Thus, this study aimed to enhance SPVD resistance by targeting one of its important pathogenesis‐related factors (i.e., SPCSV‐RNase3) by using the CRISPR‐Cas13 technique. First, the RNA targeting activity of four CRISPR‐Cas13 variants were compared using a transient expression system in  Nicotiana benthamiana . LwaCas13a and RfxCas13d had more efficient RNA and RNA virus targeting activity than PspCas13b and LshCas13a. Driven by the pCmYLCV promoter for the expression of gRNAs, RfxCas13d exhibited higher RNA targeting activity than that driven by the pAtU6 promoter. Furthermore, the targeting of SPCSV‐ RNase3  using the LwaCas13a system inhibited its RNA silencing suppressor activity and recovered the RNA silencing activity in  N. benthamiana  leaf cells. Compared with the wild type, transgenic  N. benthamiana  plants carrying an  RNase3 ‐targeted LwaCas13a system exhibited enhanced resistance against turnip mosaic virus TuMV‐GFP and cucumber mosaic virus CMV‐RNase3 co‐infection. Moreover, transgenic sweet potato plants carrying an  RNase3 ‐targeted RfxCas13d system exhibited substantially improved SPVD resistance. This method may contribute to the development of SPVD immune germplasm and the enhancement of sweet potato production in SPVD‐prevalent regions.

Targeting of SPCSV‐ RNase3 via CRISPR‐Cas13 confers resistance against sweet potato virus disease