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CaWRKY40  was previously found to be transcriptionally up‐regulated by  Ralstonia solanacearum  inoculation (RSI) or heat stress (HS), but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Herein, we report that a double‐W box‐element (DWE) in the promoter of  CaWRKY40  is critical for these responses. The upstream W box unit WI of this composite element is crucial for preferential binding by  Ca WRKY40 and responsiveness to RSI or HS. DWE‐driven  CaWRKY40  can be transcriptionally and nonspecifically regulated by itself and by  Ca WRKY58 and  Ca WRKY27. The DWE was also found in the promoters of  CaWRKY40  orthologs, including  AtWRKY40 ,  VvWRKY40 ,  GmWRKY40 ,  CplWRKY40 ,  SaWRKY40 ,  SpWRKY40 ,  NtWRKY40 , and  NaWRKY40 . DWE  AtWRKY40   was analogous to DWE  CaWRKY40   by responding to RSI or HS and  At WRKY40 expression. These data suggest that a conserved response of plants to pathogen infection or HS is probably mediated by binding of the DWE by WRKY40.

A conserved double‐W box in the promoter of CaWRKY40 mediates autoregulation during response to pathogen attack and heat stress in pepper