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Catalase is present in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms and is important for the protective effects of the antioxidant system against free radicals. Many studies have confirmed that catalase is required for the growth, development, and pathogenesis of bacteria, plants, animals, and fungi. However, there has been relatively little research on the catalases in oomycetes, which form an important group of fungus‐like eukaryotes that produce zoosporangia. In this study, we detected two  Phytophthora infestans  genes encoding catalases, but only PiCAT2 exhibited catalase activity in the sporulation stage and was highly produced during asexual reproduction and in the late infection stage. Compared with the wild‐type strain, the  PiCAT2‐ silenced  P. infestans  transformants were more sensitive to abiotic stress, were less pathogenic, and had a lower colony expansion rate and lower  PiMPK7 ,  PiVPS1 , and  PiGPG1  expression levels. In contrast, the  PiCAT2‐ overexpressed transformants were slightly less sensitive to abiotic stress. Interestingly, increasing and decreasing  PiCAT2  expression from the normal level inhibited sporulation, germination, and infectivity, and down‐regulated  PiCdc14  expression, but up‐regulated  PiSDA1  expression. These results suggest that PiCAT2 is required for  P. infestans  mycelial growth, asexual reproduction, abiotic stress tolerance, and pathogenicity. However, a proper PiCAT2 level is critical for the formation and normal function of sporangia. Furthermore, PiCAT2 affects  P. infestans  sporangial formation and function, pathogenicity, and abiotic stress tolerance by regulating the expression of cell cycle‐related genes ( PiCdc14  and  PiSDA1 ) and MAPK pathway genes. Our findings provide new insights into catalase functions in eukaryotic pathogens.

A proper PiCAT2 level is critical for sporulation, sporangium function, and pathogenicity of Phytophthora infestans