Open AccessRetrospective evaluation of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in 68 dogs
Author(s) -
Schober Karsten E.,
Fox Phillip R.,
Abbott Jonathan,
Côté Etienne,
LuisFuentes Virginia,
Matos Jose Novo,
Stern Joshua A.,
Visser Lance,
Scollan Katherine F.,
Chetboul Valerie,
Schrope Donald,
Glaus Tony,
Santilli Roberto,
Pariaut Romain,
Stepien Rebecca,
ArquedSoubeyran Vanessa,
Baron Toaldo Marco,
Estrada Amara,
MacDonald Kristin,
Karlin Emily T.,
Rush John
Publication year - 2022
Publication title -
journal of veterinary internal medicine
Language(s) - English
Resource type - Journals
SCImago Journal Rank - 1.356
H-Index - 103
eISSN - 1939-1676
pISSN - 0891-6640
DOI - 10.1111/jvim.16402
Subject(s) - medicine , hypertrophic cardiomyopathy , cardiology , heart failure , muscle hypertrophy , left ventricular hypertrophy , exercise intolerance , diastole , cardiomyopathy , sudden death , blood pressure
Background There is a lack of clinical data on hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) in dogs. Hypothesis/Objectives To investigate signalment, clinical signs, diagnostic findings, and survival in dogs with HCM. Animals Sixty‐eight client‐owned dogs. Methods Retrospective multicenter study. Medical records were searched between 2003 and 2015. The diagnosis of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy was made by echocardiographic examination. Results Three hundred and forty‐five dogs with LV hypertrophy were identified, of which 277 were excluded. The remaining 68 dogs were 0.3 to 14 years old and predominantly <10 kg (85%), and without a sex predilection. Twenty‐four % were Shih Tzu and 24% terrier breeds. Most (80%) had a systolic heart murmur. Owner‐determined exercise intolerance (37%) and syncope (18%) were most commonly reported signs. The majority (84%) of dogs had symmetrical LV hypertrophy, whereas asymmetrical septal and LV free wall hypertrophy was observed in 9% and 6% of dogs, respectively. Isolated basal interventricular septal hypertrophy was not observed. Commonly recorded were systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve (60%) and LV diastolic dysfunction (89% of dogs where diastolic function was evaluated). Six dogs died unexpectedly, and 3 developed congestive heart failure. Known survival times were between 1 day and 114 months after diagnosis. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in dogs should be considered as a differential diagnosis if LV hypertrophy is identified. Small breed dogs are overrepresented, and it is uncommon for dogs with HCM to develop CHF although sudden death can occur.