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Background  Renal disease caused by  Corynebacterium cystitidis  in beef cattle may be misclassified as  Corynebacterium renale , and limited information about  C. cystitidis  infections in beef cattle currently is available.    Objective  To describe clinical presentation, diagnosis, minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), and outcome of renal disease caused by  C. cystitidis  in beef cattle.    Methods  Retrospective case series.    Animals  Four client‐owned beef cattle.    Results  All affected cattle had anorexia as a primary complaint. Of the 3 that had ante‐mortem diagnostic tests performed, all had pyelonephritis based on azotemia in combination with urinalysis and ultrasonographic findings. Cultures yielded  C. cystitidis  which was identified by biochemical testing, 16S RNA sequencing, and mass spectrometry. All affected cattle deteriorated despite aggressive treatment, indicating that  C. cystitidis  infections in beef cattle may carry a poor prognosis. Bacterial isolates collected from the 4 cattle showed similarities in MICs for ampicillin, florfenicol, gentamicin, neomycin, sulfadimethoxine, trimethoprim sulfonamide, and tylosin.    Conclusions and clinical importance   Corynebacterium cystitidis  should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cattle with renal disease. Definitive diagnosis of  C. cystitidis  as compared to  C. renale  may be challenging.

Clinical presentations and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Corynebacterium cystitidis associated with renal disease in four beef cattle