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Background  Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan parasite  Trypanosoma cruzi , causes sudden death and chronic heart disease with no currently approved treatment.    Objective  To report epidemiologic and select cardiac characteristics associated with  T. cruzi  infection in dogs presenting to a teaching hospital in Texas.    Animals  Three hundred seventy‐five client‐owned dogs.    Methods  A retrospective search of medical records identified dogs tested for  T. cruzi  antibodies or with histologic  T. cruzi  parasites. Data retrieved included signalment, location of residence, reported reason for testing, cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentration, and ECG abnormalities.    Results   Trypanosoma cruzi ‐infected dogs (N = 63, 16.8%) were significantly younger than negative dogs (N = 312) (mean, 5.9 ± 3.8 versus 7.4 ± 4.0 years;  P  = .007) with no difference by sex or breed. Ninety‐one breeds were tested; the highest percent infected were non‐sporting (10/35; 29%) and toy breed (10/42; 24%) groups. The odds of infection were 13 times greater among dogs with an infected housemate or littermate (95% confidence interval [CI], 3.94‐50.45;  P  < .001). Infected dogs were more likely to have ventricular arrhythmias (odds ratio [OR], 2.19; 95% CI, 1.15‐4.33,  P  = .02), combinations of ECG abnormalities (OR, 2.91; 95% CI, 1.37‐5.99;  P  = .004), and cTnI >0.129 ng/mL (ADVIA; OR, 10.71; 95% CI, 1.60‐212.21;  P  = .035).    Conclusions and Clinical Importance  Dogs infected with  T. cruzi  were identified in Texas in many breed groups including breeds affected by well‐described heart diseases that mimic Chagas disease suggesting a need for increased awareness, including knowledge of when to consider testing.

Risk factors and select cardiac characteristics in dogs naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi presenting to a teaching hospital in Texas