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Background  Progressive myelomalacia ( PMM ) is a catastrophic disease associated with acute intervertebral disc extrusion ( IVDE ). Published data on the clinical characteristics of this disease are limited.    Objective  To describe the onset and progression of clinical signs of  PMM  in a large case cohort.    Animals  Fifty‐one dogs ,  18 with histopathologically confirmed  PMM , 33 presumptively diagnosed based on clinical signs and diagnostic imaging.    Methods  Retrospective study. Dogs with confirmed  IVDE  and either a histopathologic diagnosis of  PMM  or a high clinical suspicion were identified by medical record search. Data on nature and progression of signs were extracted.    Results  Twenty‐four of 51 dogs were Dachshunds. T12–T13 was the most common site of disc extrusion (12 of 56), and 18 of 55 of mid‐to‐caudal lumbar discs (between L3 and L6) were affected. Onset of  PMM  signs ranged from present at first evaluation (17/51) to 5 days after presentation, with 25 of 51 cases developing signs within 48 hours. Progression of signs from onset of  PMM  to euthanasia or death, excluding 7 cases euthanized at presentation, ranged from 1 to 13 days with 23 being euthanized within 3 days. Nonspecific systemic signs were documented in 30 of 51 dogs.    Conclusion and Clinical Importance  The majority of dogs developed  PMM  within 2 days of presentation and was euthanized within another 3 days. However, onset can be delayed up to 5 days after presentation with progression to euthanasia taking as long as 2 weeks. Mid‐to‐caudal lumbar discs might be associated with an increased risk of  PMM .

Clinical Characteristics of Dogs with Progressive Myelomalacia Following Acute Intervertebral Disc Extrusion