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Background  Intravascular volume assessment in foals is challenging. In humans, intravascular volume status is estimated by the caudal vena cava ( CVC ) collapsibility index ( CVC ‐ CI ) defined as ( CVC  diameter at maximum expiration [ CVC  max ] –  CVC  diameter at minimal inspiration [ CVC  min ])/ CVC  max  × 100%.    Hypothesis/Objectives  To determine whether the  CVC  could be sonographically measured in healthy foals, determine differences in  CVC  max  and  CVC  min , and calculate inter‐ and intrarater variability between 2 examiners. We hypothesized that the  CVC  could be measured sonographically at the subxiphoid view and that there would be a difference between  CVC  max  and  CVC  min  values.    Animals  Sixty privately owned foals <1‐month‐old.    Methods  Prospective study. A longitudinal subxiphoid sonographic window in standing foals was used. The  CVC  max  and  CVC  min  were analyzed by a linear mixed effect model. Inter‐rater agreement and intrarater variability were expressed by Bland‐Altman and intraclass correlation coefficients, respectively.    Results  Measurements were attained from 58 of 60 foals with mean age of 15 ± 7.9 days and mean weight of 75.7 ± 17.7 kg. The  CVC  max  was significantly different from  CVC  min  ( D  = 0.515,  SE  = 0.031,  P  < 0.001). Inter‐rater agreement of the  CVC ‐ CI  differed by an average of −0.9% (95% limits of agreement, −12.5 to +10.7%). Intrarater variability of  CVC  max  was 0.540 and 0.545, of  CVC  min  was 0.550 and 0.594, and of  CVC ‐ CI  was 0.894 and 0.853 for observers 1 and 2, respectively.    Conclusions and Clinical Importance  These results indicate it is possible to reliably measure the  CVC  sonographically in healthy foals, and the  CVC ‐ CI  may prove useful in assessing the intravascular volume status in hypovolemic foals.

Influence of the Respiratory Cycle on Caudal Vena Cava Diameter Measured by Sonography in Healthy Foals: A Pilot Study