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Background  Diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) lesions in recumbent dairy cattle ( RDC ) is challenging because neurologic examination is limited and medical imaging often is challenging or unrewarding. Cerebrospinal fluid ( CSF ) analysis is useful in the diagnosis of CNS disorders in cattle. However, its utility in identifying spinal cord lesions in  RDC  remains to be evaluated.    Hypothesis/Objectives  We hypothesized that  CSF  analysis would discriminate between  RDC  with and without spinal cord lesions.    Animals  Twenty‐one RDC with spinal cord lesions ( RDC +) and 19 without ( RDC −) were evaluated.    Methods  Spinal cord lesions were confirmed at necropsy. Signalment, clinical findings, and  CSF  results were compared retrospectively. Total nucleated cell count and differential, protein concentration, and red blood cell count in  RDC + and  RDC − were compared.    Results  Neoplasia, trauma, and infectious processes were the most frequent spinal cord lesions identified. Cerebrospinal fluid protein concentrations and  TNCC  were significantly higher in  RDC + compared to  RDC − ( P  = .0092 and  P  = .0103, respectively). Additionally,  CSF  protein concentrations and  TNCC  in  RDC − were lower than previously published reference ranges. Using an interpretation rule based on  CSF  protein concentration and  TNCC , it was possible to accurately identify 13  RDC  with spinal cord lesions and 6  RDC  without lesions. It was not possible to determine spinal cord status in the remaining 18  RDC .    Conclusions and Clinical Importance  Cerebrospinal fluid analysis is valuable in the evaluation of spinal cord status in  RDC . The prognosis associated with these findings remains to be determined.

Cerebrospinal Fluid Analysis in Recumbent Adult Dairy Cows With or Without Spinal Cord Lesions